分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： Cosmic microwave background radiation can supply us some most significant parts of the information on the universe. Some researchers believe that The gravitational system cannot be decribed by the standard statistical mechanics. In this article we apply Tsallis nonextensive statistical mechanics to investigate CMB spectrum and related cosmological processes. Based on recent observational data we find that the nonextensive statistical mechanics can modify the values of related physical quantites. Since the value of physical quantites have changed, some processes, such as recombination, can be affected. We have investigated the anisotropy of the CMB for two effects: the dipole anisotropy of CMB and the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect. We find that the dipole anisotropy of CMB cannot be modified by the nonextensive statistical mechanics. However, the standard result of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect should be modified by nonextensive statistical mechanics. In principle, future work can distinguish these effects.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： We establish a new cosmological-model-independent method to determine the
Hubble constant $H_0$ from the localized FRBs and the Hubble parameter
measurements and obtain a first such determination
$H_0=70.60\pm2.11~\mathrm{km/s/Mpc}$ of about 3.00\% uncertainty with data from
the eighteen localized FRBs and nineteen Hubble parameter measurements in the
redshift range $0
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： We establish a new cosmological-model-independent method to determine the
Hubble constant $H_0$ from the localized FRBs and the Hubble parameter
measurements and obtain a first such determination
$H_0=70.60\pm2.11~\mathrm{km/s/Mpc}$ of about 3.00\% uncertainty with data from
the eighteen localized FRBs and nineteen Hubble parameter measurements in the
redshift range $0
分类： 管理学 >> 管理学其他学科 提交时间： 2022-11-25 合作期刊: 《Economics & Management Review》
摘要： Under the background of normalized epidemic prevention and control,Enhancing the coordination ability within maternal and child health care institutions can effectively reduce the losses caused by COVID - 19 outbreak and ensure the diagnosis and treatment activity in hospital orderly. This paper introduces the theory of collaboration governance and constructs the internal collaboration system of policy collaboration, information collaboration, relationship collaboration and technology collaboration, which provides reference for institutions to improve emergency management ability.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： Multi-channel imaging data is a prevalent data format in scientific fields such as astronomy and biology. The structured information and the high dimensionality of these 3-D tensor data makes the analysis an intriguing but challenging topic for statisticians and practitioners. The low-rank scalar-on-tensor regression model, in particular, has received widespread attention and has been re-formulated as a tensor Gaussian Process (Tensor-GP) model with multi-linear kernel in Yu et al. (2018). In this paper, we extend the Tensor-GP model by integrating a dimensionality reduction technique, called tensor contraction, with a Tensor-GP for a scalar-on-tensor regression task with multi-channel imaging data. This is motivated by the solar flare forecasting problem with high dimensional multi-channel imaging data. We first estimate a latent, reduced-size tensor for each data tensor and then apply a multi-linear Tensor-GP on the latent tensor data for prediction. We introduce an anisotropic total-variation regularization when conducting the tensor contraction to obtain a sparse and smooth latent tensor. We then propose an alternating proximal gradient descent algorithm for estimation. We validate our approach via extensive simulation studies and applying it to the solar flare forecasting problem.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： Multi-channel imaging data is a prevalent data format in scientific fields such as astronomy and biology. The structured information and the high dimensionality of these 3-D tensor data makes the analysis an intriguing but challenging topic for statisticians and practitioners. The low-rank scalar-on-tensor regression model, in particular, has received widespread attention and has been re-formulated as a tensor Gaussian Process (Tensor-GP) model with multi-linear kernel in Yu et al. (2018). In this paper, we extend the Tensor-GP model by integrating a dimensionality reduction technique, called tensor contraction, with a Tensor-GP for a scalar-on-tensor regression task with multi-channel imaging data. This is motivated by the solar flare forecasting problem with high dimensional multi-channel imaging data. We first estimate a latent, reduced-size tensor for each data tensor and then apply a multi-linear Tensor-GP on the latent tensor data for prediction. We introduce an anisotropic total-variation regularization when conducting the tensor contraction to obtain a sparse and smooth latent tensor. We then propose an alternating proximal gradient descent algorithm for estimation. We validate our approach via extensive simulation studies and applying it to the solar flare forecasting problem.
分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： The generation of squeezed light in semiconductor materials opens opportunities for building on-chip devices that are operated at the quantum level. Here we study theoretically a squeezed light source of polariton dark solitons confined in a geometric potential well of semiconductor microcavities in the strong coupling regime. We show that polariton dark solitons of odd and even parities can be created by tuning the potential depth. When driving the potential depth linearly, a bistability of solitons with the two different parities can be induced. Strong intensity squeezing is obtained near the turning point of the bistability due to the large nonlinear interaction, which can be controlled by Feshbach resonance. The phase diagram of the bistability and squeezing of the dark solitons is obtained through large scale numerical calculations. Our study contributes to the current efforts in realizing topological excitations and squeezed light sources with solid-state devices.
分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： In this paper, an on-chip photonic sampled and quantized analog-to-digital converter (ADC) on thin-film lithium niobate platform is experimentally demonstrated. Using two phase modulators as a sampler and a 5$\times$5 multimode interference (MMI) coupler as a quantizer, an 1 GHz sinusoidal analog input signal was successfully converted to a digitized output with a 20 GSample/s sampling rate. To evaluate the system performance, the quantization curves together with the transfer function of the ADC were measured. The experimental effective number of bits (ENOB) was 3.17 bit. The demonstrated device is capable of operating at a high frequency up to 70 GHz, making it a promising solution for on-chip ultra-high speed analog-to-digital conversion.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： We construct a three-dimensional and redshift-evolutionary X-ray and ultraviolet ($L_X-L_{UV}$) luminosity relation for quasars from the powerful statistic tool called copula, and find that the constructed $L_X-L_{UV}$ relation from copula is more viable than the standard one and the observations favor the redshift-evolutionary relation more than $3\sigma$. The Akaike and Bayes information criterions indicate that the quasar data support strongly the three-dimensional $L_X-L_{UV}$ relation. Our results show that the quasars can be regarded as a reliable indicator of the cosmic distance if the $L_X-L_{UV}$ relation from copula is used to calibrate quasar data.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： We construct a three-dimensional and redshift-evolutionary X-ray and ultraviolet ($L_X-L_{UV}$) luminosity relation for quasars from the powerful statistic tool called copula, and find that the constructed $L_X-L_{UV}$ relation from copula is more viable than the standard one and the observations favor the redshift-evolutionary relation more than $3\sigma$. The Akaike and Bayes information criterions indicate that the quasar data support strongly the three-dimensional $L_X-L_{UV}$ relation. Our results show that the quasars can be regarded as a reliable indicator of the cosmic distance if the $L_X-L_{UV}$ relation from copula is used to calibrate quasar data.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： In this paper, we obtain two improved Amati correlations of the Gamma-Ray burst (GRB) data via a powerful statistical tool called copula. After calibrating, with the low-redshift GRB data, the improved Amati correlations based on a fiducial $\Lambda$CDM model with $\Omega_\mathrm{m0}=0.3$ and $H_0=70~\mathrm{km~s^{-1}Mpc^{-1}}$, and extrapolating the results to the high-redshift GRB data, we obtain the Hubble diagram of GRB data points. Applying these GRB data to constrain the $\Lambda$CDM model, we find that the improved Amati correlation from copula can give a result well consistent with $\Omega_\mathrm{m0}=0.3$, while the standard Amati and extended Amati correlations do not. This results suggest that when the improved Amati correlation from copula is used in the low-redshift calibration method, the GRB data can be regarded as a viable cosmological explorer. However, the Bayesian information criterion indicates that the standard Amati correlation remains to be favored mildly since it has the least model parameters. Furthermore, once the simultaneous fitting method rather than the low-redshift calibration one is used, there is no apparent evidence that the improved Amati correlation is better than the standard one. Thus, more works need to be done in the future in order to compare different Amati correlations.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： The atmosphere is one of the most important contamination sources in the ground-based Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) observations. In this paper, we study three kinds of filters, which are polynomial filter, high-pass filter, and Wiener filter, to investigate their ability for removing atmospheric noise, as well as their impact on the data analysis process through the end-to-end simulations of CMB experiment. We track their performance by analyzing the response of different components of the data, including both signals and noise. In the time domain, the calculation shows that the high-pass filter has the smallest root mean square error and can achieve high filtering efficiency, followed by the Wiener filter and polynomial filter. We then perform map-making with the filtered time ordered data (TOD) to trace the effects from filters on the map domain, and the results show that the polynomial filter gives high noise residual at low frequency, which gives rise to serious leakage to small scales in map domain during the map-making process, while the high-pass filter and Wiener filter do not have such significant leakage. Then we estimate the angular power spectra of residual noise, as well as those of the input signal for comparing the filter effects in the power spectra domain. Finally, we estimate the standard deviation of the filter corrected power spectra to compare the effects from different filters, and the results show that, at low noise level, the three filters give almost comparable standard deviations on the medium and small scales, but at high noise level, the standard deviation of the polynomial filter is significantly larger. These studies can be used for the reduction of atmospheric noise in future ground-based CMB data processing.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： An improved Amati correlation was constructed in (ApJ 931 (2022) 50) by us recently. In this paper, we further study constraints on the $\Lambda$CDM and $w$CDM models from the gamma ray bursts (GRBs) standardized with the standard and improved Amati correlations, respectively. By using the Pantheon type Ia supernova sample to calibrate the latest A220 GRB data set, the GRB Hubble diagram is obtained model-independently. We find that at the high redshift region ($z>1.4$) the GRB distance modulus from the improved Amati correlation is larger apparently than that from the standard Amati one. The GRB data from the standard Amati correlation only give a lower bound limit on the present matter density parameter $\Omega_{\mathrm{m0}}$, while the GRBs from the improved Amati correlation constrain the $\Omega_{\mathrm{m0}}$ with the $68\%$ confidence level to be $0.308^{+0.066}_{-0.230}$ and $0.307^{+0.057}_{-0.290}$ in the $\Lambda$CDM and $w$CDM models, respectively, which are consistent very well with those given by other current popular observational data including BAO, CMB and so on. Once the $H(z)$ data are added in our analysis, the constraint on the Hubble constant $H_0$ can be achieved. We find that two different correlations provide slightly different $H_0$ results but the marginalized mean values seem to be close to that from the Planck 2018 CMB observations.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： The atmosphere is one of the most important contamination sources in the ground-based Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) observations. In this paper, we study three kinds of filters, which are polynomial filter, high-pass filter, and Wiener filter, to investigate their ability for removing atmospheric noise, as well as their impact on the data analysis process through the end-to-end simulations of CMB experiment. We track their performance by analyzing the response of different components of the data, including both signals and noise. In the time domain, the calculation shows that the high-pass filter has the smallest root mean square error and can achieve high filtering efficiency, followed by the Wiener filter and polynomial filter. We then perform map-making with the filtered time ordered data (TOD) to trace the effects from filters on the map domain, and the results show that the polynomial filter gives high noise residual at low frequency, which gives rise to serious leakage to small scales in map domain during the map-making process, while the high-pass filter and Wiener filter do not have such significant leakage. Then we estimate the angular power spectra of residual noise, as well as those of the input signal for comparing the filter effects in the power spectra domain. Finally, we estimate the standard deviation of the filter corrected power spectra to compare the effects from different filters, and the results show that, at low noise level, the three filters give almost comparable standard deviations on the medium and small scales, but at high noise level, the standard deviation of the polynomial filter is significantly larger. These studies can be used for the reduction of atmospheric noise in future ground-based CMB data processing.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： The computational cost of searching for gravitational wave (GW) signals in low latency has always been a matter of concern. We present a self-supervised learning model applicable to the GW detection. Based on simulated massive black hole binary signals in synthetic Gaussian noise representative of space-based GW detectors Taiji and LISA sensitivity, and regarding their corresponding datasets as a GW twins in the contrastive learning method, we show that the self-supervised learning may be a highly computationally efficient method for GW signal identification.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： The computational cost of searching for gravitational wave (GW) signals in low latency has always been a matter of concern. We present a self-supervised learning model applicable to the GW detection. Based on simulated massive black hole binary signals in synthetic Gaussian noise representative of space-based GW detectors Taiji and LISA sensitivity, and regarding their corresponding datasets as a GW twins in the contrastive learning method, we show that the self-supervised learning may be a highly computationally efficient method for GW signal identification.
分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： High resolution images are widely used in our daily life, whereas high-speed video capture is challenging due to the low frame rate of cameras working at the high resolution mode. Digging deeper, the main bottleneck lies in the low throughput of existing imaging systems. Towards this end, snapshot compressive imaging (SCI) was proposed as a promising solution to improve the throughput of imaging systems by compressive sampling and computational reconstruction. During acquisition, multiple high-speed images are encoded and collapsed to a single measurement. After this, algorithms are employed to retrieve the video frames from the coded snapshot. Recently developed Plug-and-Play (PnP) algorithms make it possible for SCI reconstruction in large-scale problems. However, the lack of high-resolution encoding systems still precludes SCI's wide application. In this paper, we build a novel hybrid coded aperture snapshot compressive imaging (HCA-SCI) system by incorporating a dynamic liquid crystal on silicon and a high-resolution lithography mask. We further implement a PnP reconstruction algorithm with cascaded denoisers for high quality reconstruction. Based on the proposed HCA-SCI system and algorithm, we achieve a 10-mega pixel SCI system to capture high-speed scenes, leading to a high throughput of 4.6G voxels per second. Both simulation and real data experiments verify the feasibility and performance of our proposed HCA-SCI scheme.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： RX J0134.2-4258 is one of the most super-Eddington narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies, on which we conducted a monitoring campaign from radio to X-rays. In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of its optical/UV spectra and broadband spectral energy distribution (SED). Our study shows that the preferred black hole mass of RX J0134.2-4258 is $M_{\rm BH} \sim 2 \times 10^{7}~M_{\odot}$, giving a mass accretion rate through the outer disc of $\dot{m}_{\rm out} \sim 20$ (assuming zero spin), compared to the observed luminosity ratio $L_{\rm bol}/L_{\rm Edd} \sim 6$. This reduction in radiative efficiency is expected for super-Eddington flows, as power can be lost via advection and/or disc winds. We find that the optical/UV lines of RX J0134.2-4258 resemble those from weak-like quasars (WLQs), as it has notably weak C IV and N V emission lines. It also has drastic X-ray variability, again similar to that recently observed in some other WLQs. However, WLQs have systematically higher masses ($\gtrsim 10^8~M_{\odot}$), and lower Eddington ratios ($\dot{m}_{\rm out} \sim 1$) than RX J0134.2-4258. We compare instead to the most extreme NLS1s, with similarly large $\dot{m}_{\rm out}$ but smaller masses. These show similarly large reductions in radiative efficiency but their UV lines are not similarly wind-dominated. We suggest a new category of weak-line Seyfert (WLS) galaxies to describe sources like RX J0134.2-4258, and interpret its (so far unique) properties in a model, where the lower-disc-temperature in the higher-mass black holes leads to the UV-line-driving mechanism, which enhances the super-Eddington radiation-pressure-driven wind.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： Time-ordered data (TOD) from ground-based CMB experiments are generally filtered before map-making to remove or reduce the contamination from the ground and the atmospheric emissions. However, when the observation region contains strong point sources, the filtering process will result in considerable leakage around the point sources in a measured CMB map, and leave spurious polarization signals. Therefore, such signals need to be assessed and removed before CMB science exploitation. In this work, we present a new method that we call "template fitting" and can effectively remove these leakage signals in pixel domain, not only satisfying the requirement for measuring primordial gravitational waves from CMB-$B$ modes, but also avoiding time-consuming operations on TOD.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： Time-ordered data (TOD) from ground-based CMB experiments are generally filtered before map-making to remove or reduce the contamination from the ground and the atmospheric emissions. However, when the observation region contains strong point sources, the filtering process will result in considerable leakage around the point sources in a measured CMB map, and leave spurious polarization signals. Therefore, such signals need to be assessed and removed before CMB science exploitation. In this work, we present a new method that we call "template fitting" and can effectively remove these leakage signals in pixel domain, not only satisfying the requirement for measuring primordial gravitational waves from CMB-$B$ modes, but also avoiding time-consuming operations on TOD.
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